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Paper Trading · Alpaca
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Performance Overview
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Basics
Stock
Imagine a company is like a pizza. A stock is one slice of that pizza. When a company wants to raise money, it splits itself into millions of tiny slices and sells them to the public. If you buy a slice, you are a part-owner of that company, no matter how small.
Example
If Apple splits into 1 billion slices and you buy 10, you own 10 billionths of Apple. Small, but real ownership.Ticker Symbol
Every company that trades on the stock market gets a short nickname, usually 1 to 5 letters. This is its ticker symbol. Instead of typing "Apple Inc." every time, traders just type AAPL. It is like a license plate for a company.
Example
AAPL = Apple. TSLA = Tesla. AMZN = Amazon. MSFT = Microsoft.Bull Market
A bull market is when stock prices are generally going up and people feel confident about investing. Think of a bull charging forward. It does not mean every single stock is up, just that the overall market is climbing.
Example
Between 2009 and 2020, the U.S. stock market rose for over a decade, one of the longest bull markets ever.Bear Market
The opposite of a bull market. Prices are falling and people are scared or pessimistic. Think of a bear swiping downward with its paw. Officially, it is when the market drops 20% or more from a recent high.
Example
In 2022, rising interest rates caused stocks to fall sharply. Many investors lost 20-30% of their portfolio value.Bid / Ask
The bid is the highest price any buyer is currently willing to pay. The ask is the lowest price any seller is willing to accept. The deal happens somewhere in between.
Example
Think of it like eBay. You are willing to pay $99. The seller wants $101. The transaction price lands somewhere in that range.Spread
The spread is the gap between what buyers are willing to pay (bid) and what sellers want (ask). This gap is a hidden cost every time you trade. Popular stocks have tiny spreads. Obscure stocks can have big spreads, making them expensive to trade.
Example
If the bid is $99.98 and the ask is $100.02, the spread is $0.04. You pay that $0.04 the moment you buy, before the stock even moves.Volume
Volume is simply how many shares of a stock were bought and sold during a given period of time. High volume usually means something significant is happening. Low volume means not much is going on.
Example
On a normal day, Apple might trade 60 million shares. On the day it announces a new product, it might trade 200 million.Market Cap
Short for market capitalization. It is the total dollar value of a company as priced by the stock market, calculated by multiplying the current stock price by the total number of shares in existence.
Example
If a company has 10 million shares and each share costs $50, the market cap is $500 million. Apple's market cap is over $3 trillion.Order Types
Market Order
A market order says "buy or sell this stock right now, at whatever the current price is." You are prioritizing speed over price. You will definitely get filled, but you do not control the exact price you pay.
Example
You see Tesla at $200 and click "buy market order." You will get filled instantly, maybe at $200.05 or $199.95 depending on the exact moment your order hits.Limit Order
A limit order says "only buy this stock if the price reaches my price, not a penny more." You set the maximum you are willing to pay. The downside: if the price never hits your number, your order never fills.
Example
Stock is at $205. You set a limit buy at $200. If the price dips to $200, you are in. If it never drops that low, nothing happens.Stop-Loss Order
A stop-loss is a safety net you set in advance. You tell your brokerage: "If this stock drops to this price, automatically sell it for me." This protects you from holding a losing position too long while you are away from your screen.
Example
You buy a stock at $100 and set a stop-loss at $90. If it drops to $90, it automatically sells. You lose $10 per share, but you are fully protected from it dropping to $50.Stop-Limit Order
A more advanced version of a stop-loss. Instead of selling at any price once the stop is hit, it only sells at your specific limit price or better. The risk: if the stock falls too fast, your limit price may get skipped and your order never fills.
Example
Stop at $90, limit at $88. If the stock collapses straight to $85 with no trades at $88, you are not protected.Fill
When your order actually gets executed, meaning someone on the other side agreed to the trade, that is called a fill. If your whole order completes at once, it is a full fill. If only part of it completes, it is a partial fill.
Example
You order 500 shares. 300 fill immediately, then 200 fill 10 seconds later as more sellers appear. Your order is now fully filled.GTC / Day Order
A day order automatically cancels at the end of the trading day if it has not been filled. A Good Till Canceled (GTC) order keeps working day after day until it either fills or you manually cancel it.
Example
You set a limit buy at $150 as a GTC. Three days later it dips to $150 and your order fills automatically, even though you forgot about it.Analysis
Support Level
A support level is a price where a stock keeps stopping its drop and bouncing back up, like a floor that keeps catching it. Lots of buyers step in at that price, which creates enough demand to stop the fall.
Example
Every time a stock falls to $40, buyers rush in and it bounces back up. That $40 price is a support level.Resistance Level
The opposite of support. A resistance level is a price where a stock keeps getting stopped on its way up, like a ceiling it cannot break through. When a stock finally breaks through resistance with force, it is a significant moment.
Example
A stock tries to break $60 five different times over three months but always gets pushed back down. That $60 is a strong resistance ceiling.Breakout
A breakout is when a stock's price finally punches through a resistance level it has been stuck below, usually with a surge in volume. It signals that buying pressure has overwhelmed selling pressure.
Example
A stock stuck below $60 for months opens one morning at $63 with 3x normal volume. That is a breakout.Candlestick
A candlestick is a visual snapshot of a stock's price action during one time period. It shows four things: where the price started (open), where it ended (close), the highest it reached (high), and the lowest it went (low). Green candles mean price went up. Red means it went down.
Example
A green daily candle on Apple means the stock opened at $190, climbed to $195, dipped to $188, and closed at $193. Everything in one candle.Moving Average (MA)
A moving average smooths out a stock's price history so you can see the trend more clearly, without being distracted by daily noise. A 50-day MA is the average closing price over the last 50 days, recalculated every day.
Example
If a stock's price is choppy but its 50-day MA keeps trending upward, the overall direction is up, even if individual days are messy.Trend
A trend is the general direction a stock is moving over time. An uptrend means the stock is making higher highs and higher lows consistently, like a staircase going up. A downtrend is the reverse. Sideways means it is bouncing in a range.
Example
Nvidia spent most of 2023 in a clear uptrend. Every dip was followed by a new, higher high.Gap Up / Gap Down
If a company announces great earnings after the market closes, the stock might open much higher the next morning than where it closed. That jump with no trading in between is a gap up. Bad news overnight causes a gap down.
Example
A stock closes at $50 on Tuesday. That night it reports amazing earnings. On Wednesday it opens at $58. That $8 jump is a gap up.Risk
Risk / Reward Ratio
Before entering any trade, smart traders ask: "How much can I make if I am right vs. how much will I lose if I am wrong?" A 3:1 ratio means you stand to gain $3 for every $1 you risk. Most experienced traders will not take a trade unless the reward is at least twice the risk.
Example
You risk $50 on a trade targeting a $150 gain. That is a 3:1 risk/reward. Even if you are only right half the time, you still come out ahead overall.Position Size
Position size is how much money you put into a single trade. Professional traders carefully calculate position size so that even if the trade goes completely wrong, they only lose a small, manageable percentage of their total account.
Example
If your account has $10,000 and you risk 2% per trade, you are only risking $200 on any single trade. A string of losses will not blow up your account.Drawdown
A drawdown measures how much your account dropped from its highest point to its lowest point before recovering. All traders experience drawdowns. The goal is to keep them small enough that you can survive them mentally and financially.
Example
Your account grew to $12,000, then fell to $9,600 before bouncing back. That is a 20% drawdown. Painful, but survivable if you have been sizing your trades correctly.Profit Target
A profit target is the price level at which you plan to exit a winning trade and lock in your gains, decided before you even enter the trade. Having a pre-set target removes emotion from the decision.
Example
You buy at $100, set a profit target at $118, and a stop-loss at $93. Your entire plan is defined before emotions can take over.Overtrading
Overtrading is when you take too many trades, usually driven by boredom, excitement, or desperately trying to recover a loss. More trades do not mean more profit. Every trade costs you in spreads and fees, and emotional trades are almost always bad trades.
Example
You lose $200 in the morning and make impulsive trades all afternoon trying to recover it. You end the day down $600. That is overtrading.Market Concepts
Liquidity
Liquidity describes how easy it is to buy or sell a stock without affecting its price. A highly liquid stock has tons of buyers and sellers at any moment. An illiquid stock has very few people trading it, so large orders can move the price dramatically.
Example
Apple is extremely liquid with millions of shares trading every hour. A tiny company with 500 shares per day is illiquid. Try selling 10,000 shares and the price will collapse before you get out.Volatility
Volatility measures how wildly a stock's price swings. A high-volatility stock might jump 5% up then drop 4% all in one day. That creates big opportunities for day traders, but also big risks. Low-volatility stocks barely move.
Example
Tesla regularly moves 3-5% in a single day. A utility company might only move 0.3%. Day traders generally prefer high-volatility stocks.Float
Float is the number of shares that are actually available for regular people to buy and sell. Some shares are locked up by founders or insiders. A low-float stock has very few shares available, which means even small buying can send the price flying dramatically.
Example
A company has 10 million total shares but 8 million are held by insiders. The float is only 2 million. A wave of investors can bid that tiny supply up extremely fast.Short Selling
Short selling lets you make money when prices go down. You borrow shares from your broker and sell them immediately. If the price drops, you buy them back cheaper, return them to the broker, and keep the difference. The danger: if the price rises, your losses are theoretically unlimited.
Example
You borrow and sell 100 shares at $50, collecting $5,000. The stock drops to $30. You buy 100 shares back for $3,000, return them to the broker, and pocket the $2,000 difference.RVOL (Relative Volume)
RVOL compares how much a stock is trading today vs. how much it normally trades at this same time of day. An RVOL of 1 means totally normal. An RVOL of 3 means 3x its usual trading. Something is clearly happening. Day traders love high RVOL because it signals opportunity.
Example
A stock usually trades 200,000 shares by 10AM. Today it has already traded 800,000 by 10AM. RVOL = 4x. Something is going on and traders investigate why.Catalyst
A catalyst is a specific event or piece of news that causes a stock to move sharply in one direction. Without a catalyst, stocks tend to drift quietly. Day traders actively hunt for stocks with fresh catalysts because those are the ones with the biggest, fastest, most tradeable moves.
Example
A pharmaceutical company announces its new drug just got FDA approval. The stock jumps 40% in minutes. The FDA approval was the catalyst.Pre-Market / After-Hours
The regular market is open Monday through Friday, 9:30AM to 4:00PM Eastern. Pre-market runs from about 4AM to 9:30AM. After-hours runs from 4PM to 8PM. These sessions have far fewer traders, wider spreads, and more erratic price moves.
Example
A company reports earnings at 5PM. The stock jumps 20% in after-hours trading. By 9:30AM the next morning it has already moved, and many retail traders missed the initial move entirely.Indicators
RSI
Relative Strength Index
RSI is a number from 0 to 100 that tells you whether a stock has been bought too aggressively (overbought) or sold too aggressively (oversold). Above 70 means it is running hot and may be due for a cooldown. Below 30 means it may be due for a bounce.
Example
A stock surges 25% in three days and its RSI hits 82. That is deep in overbought territory. Many traders see that as a warning not to chase the move.VWAP
Volume Weighted Average Price
VWAP is the average price a stock has traded at throughout the day, adjusted for how much volume happened at each price level. It resets every morning. Large institutional traders use VWAP as their benchmark, which is exactly why individual traders pay attention to it too.
Example
At noon, a stock's VWAP is $50 and the stock is trading at $52. Above VWAP is a bullish sign. Below VWAP is bearish. Traders treat VWAP like a line in the sand.MACD
Moving Average Convergence Divergence
MACD compares two different moving averages to show whether a stock's momentum is building or fading. When the faster line crosses above the slower line, it signals that buying momentum may be picking up. When it crosses below, momentum may be weakening.
Example
Think of two runners, one fast and one slow. When the fast runner overtakes the slow one (the MACD crossover), it suggests the stock is gaining upward momentum.No terms match your search. Try a different keyword.
How Goldee Picks a Trade
Every trade Goldee takes passes a 2-step system — hard gates that block bad setups, then a 9-point score to measure conviction. Use the calculator below to understand any trade before it's taken.
Step 1 — The Bouncer Check
Fail even one gate → instant block, no score calculated
✓
No earnings within 3 days
Too unpredictable near earnings announcements
✓
Stock price $10 – $200
Not too cheap (penny stocks), not too pricey
✓
Volume ≥ 1M shares / day
Must be liquid enough to enter and exit cleanly
Toggle gate failures to see the impact
Step 2 — The Score Calculator
Pass all gates? Now Goldee grades 5 factors. Need 6/9 to trade.
Premium size
VWAP alignment
Flow type
Trade window
SPY regime
Score breakdown
Premium size
VWAP alignment
2/2
Flow type
2/2
Trade window
1/1
SPY regime
1/1
Total score
8/9
✓ Trade it — strong setup
What the Score Means
Goldee's conviction levels at a glance
9
Elite setup
7–8
Strong setup
6
Trade w/ caution
≤5
No trade
How Each Factor Works
Tap any factor for a plain-English explanation
VWAP (Volume Weighted Average Price) is the average price the stock has traded at all day, weighted by volume. It acts like a magnet. If a call sweep comes in and the stock is already trading above VWAP, it means the price has momentum going up — Goldee gets +2. If the stock is below VWAP, that's a warning sign and gets +0.
Not all options orders are created equal. A Sweep is when someone aggressively hits every exchange at once to fill their order as fast as possible — pure urgency (+2). A Block is a single large institutional order, likely negotiated — still meaningful (+1). A Split is the same order broken up across many small trades — less conviction (+0).
The market has two power hours: the open (9:30–11 AM) when real participants are active and setting the day's direction, and the close (3–4 PM) when institutions make final moves. Flow during these windows has more weight behind it. Midday flow is often random noise from algos — Goldee ignores that by giving it +0.
SPY is the S&P 500 ETF — it tracks the overall market. If a call sweep comes in and SPY is also trending up that day, the tide is behind you (+1). If SPY is red and you're buying calls on a single stock, you're swimming against the current and that's a harder trade (+0). Goldee always checks whether the market is on your side.